What is NATO?
It is an international military alliance that was established based on the North Atlantic Treaty signed by 12 countries on April 4, 1949, and in which 18 more countries participated in different periods.NATO‘s headquarters are located in Brussels, the capital of Belgium, one of the organization‘s 30 members in North America and Europe.
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) is an international organization as lawmakers which has 30 members states:
- CANADA (1949)
- CROATIA (2009)
- CZECH REPUBLIC (1999)
- DENMARK (1949)
- ESTONIA (2004)
- FRANCE (1949)
- GERMANY (1955)
- GREECE (1952)
- HUNGARY (1999)
- ICELAND (1949)
- ITALY (1949)
- LATVIA (2004)
- LITHUANIA (2004)
- LUXEMBOURG (1949)
- MONTENEGRO (2017)
- NETHERLANDS (1949)
- NORTH MACEDONIA (2020)
- NORWAY (1949)
- POLAND (1999)
- PORTUGAL (1949)
- ROMANIA (2004)
- SLOVAKIA (2004)
- SLOVENIA (2004)
- SPAIN (1982)
- TURKEY (1952)
- THE UNITED KINGDOM (1949)
- THE UNITED STATES (1949)
And also, there is a sentence on NATO‘s website: Any European state can join NATO on condition that improving NATO‘s principles and contributing safety to the North Atlantic Area. That means NATO is always opened to new member states from Europe.
There are four basic points of NATO: a political and military alliance, collective defence, the transatlantic link, and the 2010 strategic concept. Let‘ examine briefly:
– NATO’s purpose is the freedom and security of its members through political and military means.
– According to Article 5 of the Washington Treaty, attacks against one or more members of NATO are considered to be made against all members of NATO.
– NATO is a transatlantic link between Europe and North America.
– The 2010 strategic concept defines NATO‘s common aims: collective defence, crisis management, and joint security.
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There are custom activities of NATO: Decisions and consultations, operations and missions, partnerships, developing the means to respond to the threats.
– Member countries consult and take decisions on security issues at a wide variety of levels and areas every day. NATO decision ”is the result of the joint decision of each of the 30 member states. All decisions are taken unanimously.
– Ensuring the security of the Mediterranean region and supporting AU (African Union) are general purposes. NATO‘s crisis management operations are carried out based on Article 5 of the Washington Treaty or under the mandate of the United Nations.
– 40 partnerships are not members of NATO. There is a difference from member states of partnerships: It does not have the same decision–making power as member states.
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Legal Personality
The legal personality of an international organization depends on various conditions. These are Transborder activities, created by states, international documents as treaties, agreements (etc.), organs and institutions and international plans. Let‘s examine NATO and legal personality requirements for international organizations in more detail!
Transborder Activities‘ mean is the activities are not within certain boundaries but also are universal.
International organizations that have legal personalities are creating by a state/states. For example, NATO established by the USA, France, the UK, Italy, Canada, Norway, Belgium, Holland, Denmark, Portugal, Luxemburg, and Iceland.
Must have international documents eg. treaty or agreement. NATO is established by International Documents as the North Atlantic Treaty, Washington Treaty…
Organs and institutions are really indispensable. NATO has 3 basic organs: NATO delegations (Nuclear Planning Group, North Atlantic Council: Subordinate Committees), military representatives (military committee: allied command operations, allied command transformation), and secretary–general.
International organizations which have legal personality must have international plans. NATO‘s international plan is could be world peace.
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Reference
- https://www.nato.int/nato-welcome/index.html
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