Abstract
In 1989, the United Nations General Assembly declared that the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) is accepted. It defines a “child” as a person under the age of eighteen because of some reasons. For example child marriages, child employees, right of education…
In many years parents do not let children educate especially girls and they raised by customary. When they raise wrong customary applications is been unfair and harmful. Because of these applications states become undeveloped and wrong customary rules can be more effective on people. One of these applications is chid marriages.
Girls may be seen as property in a family. Why do not they accept sons as property? Actually some places girls have not accepted the burden of the family but sons are seen as more valuable.
In the world which improves now, there are still undeveloped countries and they have a poor possibility. Roots of child marriages arise because of religious customs and traditions. There are many children who are married before age of eighteen and this number is incredible. UNICEF says that the number of girls who are married before age of eighteen is more than 60 million in a year. If people do not leave current trends child brides will increases.
Causes of Child Marriages
1)POVERTY
The rate of child marriages in poor more than rich families. For many poor families, marrying their daughter at a young age is the main strategy for economic survival. Especially in Asia and Africa, the importance of financial risks people tend to marry their daughter at early age. For example , in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Nepal, parents feel that their burden of paying a dowry at their daughter’s marriage will be lower if she is married at a young age. Parents think that if girls marry, they do not survive economic difficulties.
2)LIMITED EDUCATION
Another factor which helps to marriage at early age is uneducated families. Education is a subject that an important for decreasing child marriages. Uneducated girls may be seen in rural areas also. When the education rate rises marriage age decrease.
3)INSECURITY IN THE FACE OF CONFLICT
Some places have many problems that affect social order. For instance, war, sickness, disaster, famine, etc. Marrying is seen as liberation and necessary to ensure their self for family and girl.
4)TRADITION,CUSTOMARY AND RELIGION
Applying religious rules which are misunderstood causes child marriages. People support these rules with the proverb. Because of these arguments some beliefs may rise chid marriages. Also some myths cause marrying earlier. When applications have chanced, this application is seen as ridicule or shame in society.
The Effects of Child Marriages
Child marriages prevent to be healthy ,educated and safe. Baby and mother death is observed when increase marriages at young age. Adolescent pregnancy is evaluated risk in medicine. At the adolescent period mother does not have any information about raising a child. At this period mothers may have social problems and stress and these issues affect the baby and family. They cannot find any access to be aware of contraception. They are not ready to birth.
The right to mental and physical health, right to education ,right to decide are violated. Most important among these rights is the rights of the child are violated.
UNICEF researched causes of suicide and arrived at this answer: 23 per cent the group of 15-25 age of girls committed suicide because of wrong spouse. Result of these marriages girls get away from society ,are exposed to pressure and violence.
Rate of death for mother and baby is too high. Psychological problems are effective on girls , for example, domestic and sexual violence, lack of social life. HIV / AIDS, malaria and other sexually transmitted diseases.
We know that these are terrible but humanity wants to solve the problems of young girls who stricken to child marriages.
Solutions
The most important approaching will be children’s rights. Society must recognize the term of right and according to this term they may be aware about child marriage. Firstly parents and teachers must be awareness because children will change their consideration.
Providing girls with life skills such as numeracy, literacy, using a telephone or articulating their needs. Some lessons and programs must organize to improve. Girls are not accepted as a burden they must be accepted a social value.
According to the Children Protection Law, the child as a person under the age of eighteen. States must protect children according to Children Protection Law in social, moral, emotional terms. Actually, laws determine everything, especially in developed countries. Rate of child marriages low in these countries either. In the undeveloped countries, people do not obey the laws which want to prevent issues. The court of human rights must punish the states which do not obey the rights of children.
States which have the problem of child marriages, have to punish parents who let marry spouses under the age of eighteen.
Conclusion
Child marriages increase more and more every day. Researching says twenty thousand girls marry every day. If just we are aware this is not enough for the world. Technology must be developed for children to educate children. This technology must be given by the states. Because child marriages are seen in undeveloped and lawfulness countries which have not technology and awareness about the right information.
Bibliography:
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- IPPF(2007),Ending Child Marriages
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- Malhotra Anju,(2010) The Causes, Consequences and Solutions to Forced Child Marriage in the Developing World
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- Unicef (2005)Early Marrıage: A Harmful Traditional Practice
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